What to Expect During a Colonoscopy

A colonoscopy is a common medical procedure used to examine the inner lining of the colon and rectum. It is primarily performed to detect abnormalities such as polyps, tumors, or signs of colorectal cancer. Although the thought of undergoing a colonoscopy can be unsettling for some, understanding what to expect before, during, and after the procedure can alleviate concerns and make the process smoother.

What Is Colonoscopy?

The colonoscopy procedure is minimally invasive and allows doctors to examine the large intestine. It involves using a flexible tube equipped with a camera, known as a colonoscope, which is gently inserted through the rectum. The doctor can view the colon's lining in real time, check for abnormalities, remove polyps, or take tissue samples for further testing.

Colonoscopies are commonly used for routine screenings to detect early colon cancer, particularly in individuals over 45 or with a family history of the disease. Additionally, the technique can be employed to investigate symptoms such as persistent abdominal pain, bleeding, or changes in bowel habits.

Preparing for Your Colonoscopy

Planning for a colonoscopy involves several key steps to guarantee the method is effective and accurate. The first stage generally involves a dietary adjustment, typically a few days before the exam. Patients are usually advised to follow a low-fiber diet to minimize residue in the colon. A clear liquid diet, which includes water, broth, and juice, is required the day before the procedure.

Solid foods and drinks with red or purple coloring should be avoided, as they can affect the results. Subsequently, an important aspect involves ingesting a prescribed solution designed to empty the bowel, a process known as bowel preparation. This process helps to provide a clear view during the procedure.

During the Procedure

Patients are usually given sedative medication during a colonoscopy to guarantee relaxation and minimize discomfort throughout the assessment. Once comfortable, the doctor gently inserts a colonoscope through the rectum. This lets the physician thoroughly inspect the colon's covering for any irregularities, such as malignancies or signs of cancer. The procedure generally lasts between 20 and 60 minutes.

While sedating, patients may experience mild sensations of pressure or cramping as the scope moves through the colon. This is typically well managed with sedation and does not last long after the procedure concludes. Doctors carefully search for abnormalities during the testing, taking tissue samples (biopsies) when necessary for further analysis.

After the Procedure

After colonoscopy, individuals often rest in a recovery area as the sedative's effects reduce. Drowsiness and light disorientation are common but usually subside within a few hours, allowing most patients to return home the same day, though with a companion for safety. It is important to prioritize rest for the remainder of the day.

While serious complications are rare, it is advised to monitor for severe abdominal pain, fever, or heavy bleeding and seek immediate medical consultation if these occur. Mild bloating or gas discomfort may be experienced due to air introduced during the examination; however, these sensations generally resolve quickly.

Diet can usually be resumed immediately unless advised otherwise by the medical professional, who will offer specific aftercare guidelines based on individual needs and findings. Follow-up instructions, including scheduling any necessary appointments to discuss biopsy results or additional screenings, will also be communicated, guaranteeing comprehensive care.

Are you looking to address gastrointestinal concerns or undergo a routine screening? Our dedicated healthcare providers at California Digestive Disease Center are here to offer expert care and personalized support throughout your colonoscopy. Contact us today to schedule your appointment and prioritize your digestive health!